Muraho Blocks
Erekana indamutso mu mwanya w’ibisohoka.
Ibisohoka
Urutonde rw’amasomo
Shakisha amasomo yo gukora porogaramu na elegitoroniki. Gendera ku muvuduko wawe — nta konti isabwa.
Amasomo y’imizunguruko
Kora umuzunguruko wiganwa ku kibaho na breadboard, hanyuma uwutegure. Atandukanye n’amasomo 15 y’amabuye; kurangiza bibikwa muri iyi mushakisha gusa.
- Huza insinga maze ucane LED →
Kora umuzunguruko wa UNO R3, breadboard, résistance ya 330 Ω na LED, hanyuma uwutegure gucana no kuzima inshuro eshatu.
- Itara ryo ku muhanda ryikoresha →
Kora itara ryikoresha ryo ku muhanda ukoresheje igabana ry'umuriro rya photoresistor na LED. Cana itara munsi ya 30% y'urumuri maze urizimye kuri 30% no hejuru.
- Amatara yo mu muhanda →
Kora uruhererekane rw'amatara atatu yo mu muhanda: Umutuku (≥ 2 s) → Icyatsi (≥ 2 s) → Umuhondo (≥ 1 s), hizerwa ko itara rimwe gusa ryaka icyarimwe.
- Ikimenyetso cy'amazi mu kigega →
Kora ubugenzuzi bw'amazi mu kigega ukoresheje potentiometer nk'icyitegererezo cy'ubujyakuzimu. Cana LED itukura iburira iyo amazi ari munsi ya 20%.
- Iyerekana ry’ubushyuhe mu ishuri →
Huza icyuma cya MCP9808 gipima ubushyuhe n'icyerekana cy'imibare 4 ku murongo rusange wa I2C. Soma ubushyuhe muri dogere Selisiyasi maze ubyerekane kuri display.
- Kuhira kwikoresha →
Umuzunguruko wo gucunga ubuhinzi usuzuma ibintu bibiri: amazi mu kigega (≥ 20%) HAMWE N'ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere (> 30°C). LED y'icyatsi yerekana ko kuhira bikenewe gusa iyo byombi byujujwe.
Amabwiriza akurikirana
Erekana mbere, hanyuma nyuma, bikurikirana.
Urukurikirane
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Muraho BlocksBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Subiramo igishushanyo
Subiramo indamutso inshuro eshatu.
Ibisubiramo
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Amabwiriza akurikiranaBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Hitamo
Koresha igisabwa cya niba-bitabaye ibyo kugira ngo uhitemo hagati y’ibisohoka bibiri.
Ibyemezo
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Amabwiriza akurikiranaBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Bika agaciro
Bika umubare mu cyerekezo cy’agaciro maze ukerekane.
Impinduka
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Amabwiriza akurikiranaBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Amabwiriza akoreshwa kenshi
Sobanura imikorere ikoreshwa kenshi maze uyihamagare ku bwinjizwa butandukanye.
Imikorere
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Subiramo igishushanyoBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Kwaka no kuzima kwa LED
Itegereze LED yaka ikanazima inshuro eshatu, utegereza isegonda rimwe muri buri mimerere.
Igihe
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Subiramo igishushanyoBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Koresha buto
Cana LED yigana igihe buto yigana ikanzwe, uyizimye igihe irekuwe.
Ibyinjira byigana
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- HitamoBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
- Kwaka no kuzima kwa LEDBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Koresha buzzer
Koresha buzzer yigana isegonda rimwe, hanyuma uyicecekeshe.
Imimerere y’igikoresho
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Kwaka no kuzima kwa LEDBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Itara ryo ku muhanda ryikoresha
Mu cyitegererezo cy’amatara yo mu muhanda wa Kigali, cana LED munsi ya 30% y’urumuri; izime kuri 30% no hejuru. Urumuri ni 0–100%, si lux.
Ibyinjira byiganaIbyemezoImimerere y’igikoresho
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Koresha butoBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Imenyesha ry’ubushyuhe
Mu cyitegererezo cy’ishuri ryo mu Rwanda, koresha ikimenyetso cya buzzer itagira ijwi hejuru ya 30°C; kizime kuri 30°C no munsi. Ubushyuhe bwigana: -40 kugeza 125°C.
Ibyinjira byiganaIbyemezoImimerere y’igikoresho
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- HitamoBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
- Koresha buzzerBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Ikimenyetso cy’amazi mu kigega
Mu cyitegererezo cy’ikigega cy’amazi ku ishuri ryo mu Rwanda, cana LED y’amazi make munsi ya 20%; izime kuri 20% no hejuru. Amazi ni 0–100%, si litiro.
Ibyinjira byiganaIbyemezoImimerere y’igikoresho
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Koresha butoBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Amatara yo mu muhanda
Koresha nibura inshuro ebyiri: LED 1 itukura amasegonda nibura 2 → LED 2 y’icyatsi amasegonda nibura 2 → LED 3 y’umuhondo isegonda nibura 1. Itara rimwe gusa ni ryo ryaka.
UrukurikiraneIgiheImimerere y’igikoresho
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Kwaka no kuzima kwa LEDBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Kuhira kwikoresha
Mu cyitegererezo cy’ubusitani bwo mu Rwanda, LED 1 yerekana ko kuhira bisabwa gusa iyo amazi ari nibura 20% KANDI ubushyuhe burenze 30°C. Bitabaye ibyo irazima. Iyi LED si pompe.
IbyemezoIbyinjira byiganaImimerere y’igikoresho
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Ikimenyetso cy’amazi mu kigegaBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
- Imenyesha ry’ubushyuheBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
Kora umushinga wawe muto
Hitamo umushinga umwe: LED yaka ikanazima inshuro 3, isegonda 1 buri gihe; itara ry’umuhanda ryaka munsi ya 30%; cyangwa ikimenyetso cyo kuhira iyo amazi ≥20% N’ubushyuhe >30°C. Kurikiza ibisabwa by’uwo mushinga; indi ni iyo kwitoza gusa.
IbyemezoIbyinjira byiganaImimerere y’igikoresho
Amasomo abanza asabwa:
- Amatara yo mu muhandaBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo
- Kuhira kwikoreshaBirasabwa mbere y’iri somo